Herman eugene broestler



UNITED STATES Patented January 5, 1904.

HERMAN EUGENE BROESTLER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO EIMER da AMEND,OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HYDROMETER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 748,838, dated January5, 1904.

Application led August 17, 1903. Serial No. 169,7 57. (No model.)

To a/Z whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HERMAN EUGENE BROESTLER, a citizen of the UnitedStates of America, and a resident of the borough of Manhattan, in thecity, county, and State of New York,have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Hydrometers, of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to hydrometers, and 1o the purpose of myimprovement is to provide a device of such character which is itselfadapted to contain the fluid whose specific gravity is to be determined,to which end a certain novel construction and arrangement of parts isemployed, as will be fully described in the specification here followingand illustrated in the drawing.

In brief, my invention consists in forming a hydrometer with acompartment capable of zo containing a certain fixed quantity of thefluid or solid matter Whose specic gravity is to be measured, aflotation member, and au upward indicator extension whereby when thedevice is immersed in a iuid, which may be of known density, asdistilled water, the

degree of submergence may be clearly read upon the indicator at theduid-line and the specific gravity of the hydrometer contents therebyascertained. This method, it will be 3o noted, is entirely distinct fromthe means now prevailing,wherein a hydrometeris immersed in the duidwhich it is intended to rate according to the degree of submergencetherein of the hydrometer.

In the drawing accompanying this specilication the figure is a verticalsectional view of a Vessel containing :duid and in which is immersed myimproved hydrometer, which latter is indicated as containing a quota of4o fluid whose specic gravity it is desired to test.

The letter A indicates an ordinaryglass vessel of a depth suicient forthe purpose and, as seen, containing `a suitable quantity of liuid, as,we will say, distilled Water. Supported by said liuid is my improvedhydrometer, the same consisting of a spherical or other buoyantchamber,as B, from which extends upwardly a measuring-stem, as O. Belowthe buoyant chamber B is connected an 5o independent chamber, as D,which terminates, as at d, in an open neck-like formation, which isadapted to receive and be closed by a stopper, as E. The outer end e ofstopper E is of hollow, bulbous, or other formation and is loaded,preferably containing a quota of quicksilver, (indicated at e',) thepurpose whereof being that when the neck d is stoppered the hydrometermaybe so weighted at its lower end as to iioat in the vertical positionindicated in the drawing. 6o

Assuming that with the chamber D filled with a iiuid of a certainspecific gravity the hydrometer will be immersed in a duid of a certaindensity, as distilled water, vto a point corresponding with the zero orother mark upon the extension O, then it is evident that by placing alike quantity of another fluid, which it is desired to test, within saidchamber D--namely,by filling said chamber therewith-the succeedinggradations of the scale 7o upon stem C will accurately register andindicate the relative specic gravity of said fluid being test-ed. Thecapacity of the chamber D being calibrated and measured the necessity ofmeasuring the duid therein is obviated, and standard igu res areprovided Vfrom which the proper deductions may be drawn.

A hydrometer of this character is especially serviceable in cases Wherea limited quan- 8o tity only of the fluid to be tested is available, asin such instances it is sometimes impracticable to supplya sufficientbulk of the uid for the immersion of the usual hydrometer. As isobvious, a very small quantity of iiuid is required to till the chamberD, and, furthermore, the capacity of said chamber being known, whethersuch capacity be great or small, it is not necessary to previously orsubsequently measure the contents thereof. 9o In fact, my improvedhydrometer considerably simplifies the method of ascertaining the specicgravity of a fluid, because by its use all questions regarding itscontaining capacity and degree of immersion in a given fluid (asdistilled water) have been previously determined.

Minerals when powdered or otherwise reduced may be placed in chamber Dto be tested, and fats when melted can be placed roo frs r.

therein, as also other matter capable of introduction within saidchamber in any convenient form may have its lspecific gravity tested bythe device.

Having now described my invention, I de- Glare that what I claim isl. Ahydrometer having a depending, immersion chamber to contain matter to betested, an opening in said chamber, and a removable closure for saidopening.

2. In a hydrometer, a buoyant member, an immersion chamber supportedthereby and adapted to contain matter to be tested, an opening in saidchamber, and a removable closure for, said opening.

3. In ahydrometer, abuoyant member having an integral,downwardly-opening chamber to contain matter to be tested.

4:. Inahydrometer, abuoyant member having an integral, inverted chamberto contain matter to be tested, and a removable closure for saidchamber.

5. In a hydrometer, a buoyant member having a depending, invertedchamber to contain matter to be tested, and a Weighted stopper for saidchamber.

6. In a hydrometer, a buoyant member hav- ,ing a depending chamber` tocontain matter to be tested, an opening at the lower end of saidchamber, and a Weighted stopper for said opening.

7. As a new article of glass manufacture, a hydrometer comprising ahollow bulb having an integral, diminished stem, and anoppositely-arranged, integral chamber to contain matter to be tested,said chamber having an opening at its lower end, and a weighted stopperto close said opening.

8. An improved hydrometer consisting of a buoyant member, an indicatortherefor, a chamber to contain the fluid or solid to be tested, saidchamber having an orifice at its lower end, and a stopper to close saidorifice, the end of said stopper being hollow and containing a weight.

9. An improved hydrometer consisting of a buoyant member having a'nupper graduated eXtension, a lower, immersing-chamber to contain matterto be tested, an opening in said chamber, and a removable closure forsaid opening.

lO. An improved hydrometer consisting of a buoyant member, animmersion-indicator therefor, and an inverted, stoppered chamber tocontain the fluid or solid matter to be tested.

Signed at New York this 27th day of July, 1903.

HERMAN EUGENE BROESTLER. Witnesses:

JACOB B. TOCH, WILHELM HARRES.

